Rape and related health problems in Adigrat Zonal Hospital, Tigray Region, Ethiopia

Abstract

Abstract
Background: Rape is a form of sexual violence, which is associated with long and short-term sexual, reproductive,
mental and social problems. Although the problem is believed to be common, studies from Ethiopia are scanty.
Objective: To determine the magnitude, associated factors and complications of rape at a district hospital.
Methods: A prospective study (May 1,2000-April 30,2003) was employed to assess the problem. A standard
questionnaire was used to collect information from history, physical examination and laboratory findings at
presentation and from a follow up of three months.
Results: Within the study period, 181 victims reported to have been raped. Children and adolescents comprise 60.2%
of the cases. Majority (91.7%) came from urban areas, about 70% were students and 76.8% were single. About 20% of
the victims said they were raped before and the other 20% reported attempted rape. Forced sexual initiation was
reported by 67.4%. Gang rape was reported in 6% of the victims who reported previous rape cases and 8.8% of the
victims reported in the current one. Only 42% of the rapists were arrested even though the patients identified 90% of
the perpetrators. About 30% of the patients had physical injuries to their bodies and 40% had minor and major genital
findings. The victims also reported contracting sexually transmitted diseases, sexual and psychiatric problems and
unwanted pregnancy.
Conclusion: Community based efforts, school based programs, legal and policy reforms may be important to decrease
the magnitude of the problem. [Ethiop.J.Health Dev. 2004;18(3):140-144]