Factors influencing child immunization coverage in a rural District of Ethiopia, 2000

Abstract

Abstract

Background: Immunization coverage in many parts of Ethiopia is less than desired to prevent the spread of target diseases.

Objective: To identify factors influencing urban and rural immunization coverage.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in 220 households with children 12-13 months of age in 7 villages and 4 urban centres selected by stratified multistage cluster sampling. Trained nurses were used to collect relevant information for the study.

Result: Fifty-one percent were validly fully immunized for age. Immunization coverage as assessed by card plus history was BCG 99.1%, DPT1/OPV1 97.3%, DPT3/OPV3 92.7%, measles 75.5%, and BCG to measles defaulter 23.9%. The mean Mother Immunization Awareness Score (MIAS) was higher for mothers of children fully immunized for age (6.2+1.6 vs 5.5+2.2, p=0.01), and was significantly correlated with child age at DPT3 (r=-0.337, p=0.001) and measles dose (r=-0.266, p=0.014). Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that residence and mother’s education were significant predictors of immunization status of children, children from rural areas and whose mothers were literate had higher immunization coverage.

Conclusion: Community mobilization and efforts to raise the awareness of mothers are important strategies to increase immunization coverage in urban as well as rural areas. [Ethiop.J.Health Dev. 2003;17(2):105-110]